The definition of osteoporosis according to Dorland medical dictionary 29th edition of the reduction in bone mass; cause fracture after minimal trauma. This is in line with previously expressed notion that osteoporosis is a condition that occurs when the body is losing bone faster than new bone formation.

Pathophysiology of osteoporosis occurs in which low bone mass and microarchitectural bone tissue damage occurs, leading to bone fragility and increased fracture risk. This result can be derived from genetic and environmental factors that influence bone mass and bone quality. As for understanding the pathogenesis of osteoporosis begins with knowing how bone formation and remodeling occurs.

The risk of osteoporosis is higher if advanced age, family history of osteoporosis, menopause, fracture history, parents have a history of hip fractures, amenorrhea, anorexia nervosa, inactive lifestyles, diets low in calcium or vitamin D, low testosterone (hypogonadism), smoking, drinking too much alcohol, taking certain medications (including some anti-seizure medications, thyroid hormone in large doses, or steroids), and so on. Certain hormonal conditions may also affect disease osteoporosis.

Hormones Important Role In Disease Osteoporosis

Too much or too little of certain hormones in the body may contribute to osteoporosis. Especially for women during and after menopause, the ovaries make a lot less of the hormone estrogen. Estrogen loss can also occur with the surgical removal of ovaries or because of excessive dieting and exercise. Whereas estrogen helps protect bones. Men produce less testosterone (and estrogen are produced in small quantities in men) as they age. The decrease of these hormones can also cause bone loss that can lead to osteoporosis.

Other hormone imbalances that may increase the risk of osteoporosis include an overactive thyroid gland, diabetes, and hyperprolactinemia, in which the pituitary gland produces too much hormone prolactin.

Eating disorders, especially anorexia nervosa, increasing the risk of osteoporosis. Bone loss occurs in part because of malnutrition, and in women, partly because the ovaries stop functioning normally, producing less estrogen.

Osteoporosis as we we know the communities in which bones become porous. Osteoporosis is a progressive condition in which bones become weak and are structurally more likely to fracture or break.

Normally, the body forms new bone tissue that is absorbed by the body to balance the amount of bone tissue is broken down in the body. This is a natural process that occurs in every human body. Throughout the early part of life, the amount of bone loss and the amount obtained remained balanced. Bone mass (size and thickness) increases during childhood and early adult life, reaching a maximum at age 20 to 25.

Menopause usually occurs in women ages 40′s or 50′s, dramatically increasing the speed of bone loss that causes osteoporosis in women than men tend to be higher. Osteoporosis occurs when the body is losing bone faster than it can form new bone. Over time, the imbalance between bone breakdown and formation cause decreased bone mass, so that fractures occur more easily.

Forty percent of women and twenty-five percent of men over age 50 will be affected by osteoporosis-related fractures in the elderly its remaining lifetime. More than 2 million fractures (broken bones) occurred in the United States each year and the bone disease osteoporosis can cause serious health problems.

A person affected by the disease osteoporosis need to exercise and get enough calcium and vitamin D to help keep your bones to stay strong. People with osteoporosis may also need to take medicine to cure the disease of osteoporosis, especially osteoporosis in the elderly.

Who is at risk of suffering from osteoporosis? According to the National Osteoporosis Foundation (NOF), osteoporosis is a major public health threat for more than 44 million Americans or 55 percent of those who have aged 50 years or more. About 10 million people in the United States already has a history of osteoporosis and almost 34 million more have low bone mass, placing them at risk for osteoporosis. Eighty percent of those affected by osteoporosis are women.